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Hardhat 3

Gas statistics for your test runs

Hardhat can optionally show statistics on the gas consumed by your contracts’ public functions during a test run. Use the --gas-stats flag when running your tests to display this information.

Getting gas statistics from your tests

Section titled “Getting gas statistics from your tests”

You can pass the --gas-stats flag to either the test task or to one of its subtasks (e.g., test solidity):

Terminal window
npx hardhat test --gas-stats
npx hardhat test solidity --gas-stats
npx hardhat test nodejs --gas-stats

This prints a table like the following:

╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                                  Gas Usage Statistics                                   ║
╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ contracts/Calculator.sol:Calculator                                                     ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────────┬────────┬───────┬────────╢
║ Function name                     │ Min             │ Average │ Median │ Max   │ #calls ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────┼────────┼───────┼────────╢
║ divide                            │ 44316           │ 44316   │ 44316  │ 44316 │ 1      ║
║ multiply(uint256,uint256)         │ 44254           │ 44254   │ 44254  │ 44254 │ 2      ║
║ multiply(uint256,uint256,uint256) │ 44875           │ 44875   │ 44875  │ 44875 │ 1      ║
║ reset                             │ 21485           │ 21485   │ 21485  │ 21485 │ 1      ║
║ result                            │ 23510           │ 23510   │ 23510  │ 23510 │ 6      ║
║ subtract                          │ 44213           │ 44213   │ 44213  │ 44213 │ 1      ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────┴────────┴───────┴────────╢
║ Deployment Cost                   │ Deployment Size │                                   ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┤                                   ║
║ 288115                            │ 1120            │                                   ║
╚═══════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════╧═══════════════════════════════════╝
╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ contracts/Counter.sol:Counter                                                           ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────────┬────────┬───────┬────────╢
║ Function name                     │ Min             │ Average │ Median │ Max   │ #calls ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────┼────────┼───────┼────────╢
║ add(uint256)                      │ 43915           │ 43915   │ 43915  │ 43915 │ 1      ║
║ add(uint256,bool)                 │ 44284           │ 44419   │ 44419  │ 44554 │ 2      ║
║ inc                               │ 43482           │ 43482   │ 43482  │ 43482 │ 1      ║
║ x                                 │ 23466           │ 23466   │ 23466  │ 23466 │ 5      ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────┴────────┴───────┴────────╢
║ Deployment Cost                   │ Deployment Size │                                   ║
╟───────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┤                                   ║
║ 234940                            │ 870             │                                   ║
╚═══════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════╧═══════════════════════════════════╝

The statistics are collected from the functions called by the tests you executed. This means that running test solidity --gas-stats will produce a different result than running test nodejs --gas-stats, because different tests will have been run.

Exporting gas statistics to a JSON file

Section titled “Exporting gas statistics to a JSON file”

To save gas statistics to a JSON file, pass the --gas-stats-json <path> flag:

Terminal window
npx hardhat test --gas-stats-json gas-stats.json
npx hardhat test solidity --gas-stats-json gas-stats.json
npx hardhat test nodejs --gas-stats-json gas-stats.json

This flag works independently of --gas-stats, so either or both can be used together. For example, to print the table to the terminal and also save the results to a file:

Terminal window
npx hardhat test --gas-stats --gas-stats-json gas-stats.json

The JSON file has the following structure:

{
  "contracts": {
    "contracts/Calculator.sol:Calculator": {
      "sourceName": "contracts/Calculator.sol",
      "contractName": "Calculator",
      "deployment": {
        "min": 288115,
        "max": 288115,
        "avg": 288115,
        "median": 288115,
        "count": 1
      },
      "functions": {
        "divide": {
          "min": 44316,
          "max": 44316,
          "avg": 44316,
          "median": 44316,
          "count": 1
        },
        "multiply(uint256,uint256)": {
          "min": 44254,
          "max": 44254,
          "avg": 44254,
          "median": 44254,
          "count": 2
        }
        // ...
      }
    },
    "contracts/Counter.sol:Counter": {
      "sourceName": "contracts/Counter.sol",
      "contractName": "Counter",
      "deployment": {
        "min": 234940,
        "max": 234940,
        "avg": 234940,
        "median": 234940,
        "count": 1
      },
      "functions": {
        "add(uint256)": {
          "min": 43915,
          "max": 43915,
          "avg": 43915,
          "median": 43915,
          "count": 1
        },
        "add(uint256,bool)": {
          "min": 44284,
          "max": 44554,
          "avg": 44419,
          "median": 44419,
          "count": 2
        }
        // ...
      }
    }
  }
}

Understanding the gas statistics

Section titled “Understanding the gas statistics”

The gas statistics table shows the following information for each function:

  • count: Number of times the function was called
  • min: Minimum gas consumed in a single call
  • max: Maximum gas consumed in a single call
  • avg: Average gas consumed across all calls
  • median: Median gas consumed across all calls

For deployments, the table shows:

  • gas: Gas cost of executing the deployment
  • size: Size of the deployed bytecode in bytes

Functions included in gas statistics

Section titled “Functions included in gas statistics”

Gas statistics only include public functions that are called directly by your tests. If a public function is called by another function but not directly by a test, it won’t be included in the statistics.

For example, consider this contract:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


contract Counter {
  uint256 public count;


  function inc() public {
    _incInternal();
  }


  function _incInternal() private {
    count++;
  }


  function incBy(uint256 value) public {
    count += value;
  }


  function reset() public {
    count = 0;
  }
}

And this test:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


import "./Counter.sol";


contract CounterTest {
  Counter counter;


  function setUp() public {
    counter = new Counter();
  }


  function testInc() public {
    counter.inc();
  }


  function testIncBy() public {
    counter.incBy(5);
  }
}

The output will be:

╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                         Gas Usage Statistics                          ║
╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ contracts/Counter.sol:Counter                                         ║
╟─────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────────┬────────┬───────┬────────╢
║ Function name   │ Min             │ Average │ Median │ Max   │ #calls ║
╟─────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────┼────────┼───────┼────────╢
║ inc             │ 43484           │ 43484   │ 43484  │ 43484 │ 1      ║
║ incBy           │ 43937           │ 43937   │ 43937  │ 43937 │ 1      ║
╟─────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────┴────────┴───────┴────────╢
║ Deployment Cost │ Deployment Size │                                   ║
╟─────────────────┼─────────────────┤                                   ║
║ 179915          │ 616             │                                   ║
╚═════════════════╧═════════════════╧═══════════════════════════════════╝

The statistics include inc and incBy because they’re called directly by the tests. The reset() function doesn’t appear because it’s never called by the tests. The _incInternal() function doesn’t appear because it’s private and only called by inc(), not directly by the tests.